Where was Auschwitz ?

.Where was Auschwitz ?
 Auschwitz was originally a Polish army barracks in the south of the country.  With the occupation of Poland in 1939, the garrison fell to the Germans.  Finally, in March 1940, the place became a detention center for political prisoners.

 Arbeit Macht Frei is written in German at the top of the entrance to the camp.  Infamous lie means: it frees your work.  This period became known as Auschwitz I.

 As the war and the Holocaust intensified, the Nazis expanded the area extensively.

 Polish and Soviet prisoners were the first group to be killed by gas in the camp in 1941.
 Auschwitz, Nazi Germany’s largest concentration camp, was liberated by Red Army soldiers in the last year of World War II.
 Primo Levy, one of the most famous survivors of the camp, was hospitalized in the camp hospital due to a high fever caused by a contagious and infectious scarlet fever when Soviet soldiers arrived.
 He writes later: “Those men looked with a strange and embarrassed look at the corpses left there, at the ruined sheds, and at a few of us who were still alive.”
 “They neither greeted nor smiled; they seemed to be tormented not only for their pity, but also for their guilt as to why the crime took place at all,” Levy writes of confronting the soldiers.
 “We saw people who were weak and tortured and kept in poverty. We read in their eyes that they wanted to get rid of this hell,” wrote Ivan Martirnushkin, a soldier, about the liberation of the death camp.

 In four and a half years, Nazi Germany systematically killed 1.1 million people at Auschwitz.  About one million of the victims were Jews.

 Residents of the Auschwitz camp in the gas chambers were killed by starvation, hard work, and even medical tests.

 The vast majority But they were killed in the gas chambers of Auschwitz’s second Birkenau camp Six million Jews were killed during the Holocaust.  This was a campaign by Nazi Germany to eradicate the Jews.  Auschwitz was at the center of this genocide
 After the Nazis came to power in 1933, they passed laws that would expropriate Jews and restrict their freedoms and rights.
 ✫٭٭٭٭٭٭٭٭٭Gas chambers

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 From 1939 onwards, following Nazi Germany’s invasion of Poland, they deported Jews from the Third Reich (Nazi Germany) to Poland, built ghettos there, and separated Jews from the rest of the population.

 “I folded the photo given by my girlfriend eight times and held it in my hand.” “I think of my family members the most,” said Paul Sobol, a survivor of the Auschwitz camp.  “Because I could not even kiss my mother.”

 In the winter of 1944, the Nazis ordered the evacuation of Auschwitz.  Thousands of Jews were forced to walk from Poland to the German border.  Nazi officers were ordered to kill anyone who could not continue.  After this route, Paul Sobol boarded a train with a number of others to be transferred to another city.

 “There were 100 to 110 people in each car,” he said of the experience.  Standing and clinging to each other.  We did not know how long we would stay on the train.  Finally, after 6 days, when the train stopped completely, they opened the doors.  “20 or 25 people survived from my car.” Paul Sobol says that in those difficult moments, the photo his girlfriend had previously given him kept the flame of life alive in his heart: “I folded the photo eight times and held it in my fist.  “Because we had to get completely naked, take off our normal clothes, and after the trip we would enter a building that would take us to the [Auschwitz] concentration camp.”
 https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://amp.dw.com/fa-ir/%25D9%25BE%25DB%258C%25D8%25B4%25D9%2586  % 25D9% 2587% 25D8% 25A7% 25D8% 25AF-% 25D8% 25A8% 25D8% 25A7% 25D8% 25B2% 25D8% 25AF% 25DB% 258C% 25D8% 25AF-% 25D8% 25A7% 25D8% 25AC% 25D8% 25A8  % 25D8% 25A7% 25D8% 25B1% 25DB% 258C-% 25D8% 25A7% 25D8% 25B2-% 25D8% 25A7% 25D8% 25B1% 25D8% 25AF% 25D9% 2588% 25DA% 25AF% 25D8% 25A7% 25D9% 2587  % 25D9% 2587% 25D8% 25A7% 25DB% 258C-% 25D9% 2585% 25D8% 25B1% 25DA% 25AF-% 25D9% 2586% 25D8% 25A7% 25D8% 25B2% 25DB% 258C-% 25D8% 25A8% 25D8%  25B1% 25D8% 25A7% 25DB% 258C-% 25D9% 25BE% 25D9% 2586% 25D8% 25A7% 25D9% 2587% 25D9% 2586% 25D8% 25AF% 25DA% 25AF% 25D8% 25A7% 25D9% 2586 / a-42100613 & ved  = 2ahUKEwiB6uz-2PbsAhVtAp0JHegZCcEQFjAKegQIDBAB & usg = AOvVaw3YmOfit86Rg0SeR7UJ5-HU & ampcf = 1 In 1941, following the German invasion of the Soviet Union, they launched a more serious campaign of annihilation. They referred to their military aggression as a German war against the Jewish and Slavic peoples, as well as the Roma population.

 A group of German soldiers called Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units) were moving to the newly conquered lands of Eastern Europe.  Thus, by the end of 1941, about 500,000 people had been killed, and by 1945, about 1.3 million Jews.

 German commanders also tried new innovative methods of mass murder.  They were worried that shooting people would make soldiers too anxious, and so they sought more effective methods of killing. In early 1939, in Poland, mobile vehicles with a gas chamber were used to kill the mentally handicapped.  These cars were actually the prototype gas chambers used in 1941 at Auschwitz.
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 Finally, in January 1942, Nazi leaders gathered at a conference on Lake Wannsee to coordinate the industrial massacre, which they saw as “the ultimate solution to the Jewish problem.”  They wanted to exterminate Europe’s 11 million Jewish population through forced labor and mass extermination.

 A month later, Auschwitz II launched Birkenau.  Until November 1944, it was a place for huge gas chambers in which hundreds of thousands of people were killed, whose bodies were later destroyed in crematoria. German chemical company IG Farben also set up a plant in Auschwitz III-Monowitz.  Other private companies, such as Krupp and Siemens Shockert, also had factories set up near the camp to use prisoners as labor.  Nobel laureate Primo Levy and Nobel laureate Elie Wiesel both escaped from the Monowitz concentration camp.

 When Auschwitz was finally liberated from the Germans, there were more than 40 camps and sub-camps.

 How did Auschwitz work?
 People from all over Europe were transported to Auschwitz in livestock wagons.  These wagons had no windows, no toilets and no chairs No food was provided to the prisoners.

 Prisoners arriving at Auschwitz were divided into two groups: some were selected for work and some were killed immediately.

 The second group was instructed to undress and prepare for the shower;  Deception used to send victims to the gas chamber.

 The guards, known as the crew of the “Cleanup Institute”, later injected the deadly “Silicon B” gas into the rooms and waited for the victims to die.  This killing process took about 20 minutes.  But the thick walls could not hide the screams of the suffocating victims. How did Auschwitz work?
 People from all over Europe were transported to Auschwitz in livestock wagons.  These wagons had no windows, no toilets and no chairs.  No food was provided to the prisoners.

 Prisoners arriving at Auschwitz were divided into two groups: some were selected for work and some were killed immediately.

 The second group was instructed to undress and prepare for the shower;  Deception used to send victims to the gas chamber. The Nazis were determined to clear the evidence of the crime.  They eventually ordered the remaining 56,000 prisoners to retreat to other camps.  These include the Bergen-Belsen, Dachau and Saxony-Hazen camps.  Sick and disabled people who fell behind in the march were killed.

 Finally, when Soviet forces entered the camp on January 27, 1945, only a few thousand prisoners remained.

 The soldiers who conquered Auschwitz later narrated that they had a hard time convincing the survivors that the Nazis were indeed gone. “After Auschwitz, the human condition is not the same as before. After Auschwitz, nothing is the same as before,” Elie Wiesel later wrote in a speech marking the 50th anniversary of Auschwitz. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-features-51268039.amp&ved=2ahUKEwiB6uz-2PbsAhVtAp0JHegZCcgEQFBACVB✫٭٭٭٭٭٭٭٭٭
اتاق‌های گاز

از ۱۹۳۹ به بعد، به دنبال حمله آلمان نازی به لهستان، آنها یهودیان ساکن رایش سوم (آلمان نازی) را به لهستان تبعید کردند، در آنجا گتو ساختند و یهودیان را از باقی جمعیت جدا کردند.

«عکسی که دوست دخترم داده بود را هشت بار تا زدم و در مشتم نگاه داشتم»پل سوبول، جان به‌در‌برده از اردوگاه آشویتس، می‌گوید: «بیشتر از همه به اعضای خانواده‌ام فکر می‌کنم. به این خاطر که حتی نتوانستم مادرم را ببوسم.»

در زمستان ۱۹۴۴ نازی‌ها دستور تخلیه اردوگاه آشویتس را صادر کردند. هزاران یهودی با پاهای پیاده مجبور شدند از لهستان تا مرز آلمان راه بیایند. افسران نازی دستور داشتند هر که نمی‌تواند راه را ادامه دهد بکشند. پل سوبول پس از طی این مسیر با شماری دیگر سوار بر قطار شد تا به شهری دیگر منتقل شود.

او درباره این تجربه می‌گوید: «در هر واگن ۱۰۰ تا ۱۱۰ نفر بودیم. سرپا ایستاده و چسبیده به هم. نمی‌دانستیم چقدر در قطار خواهیم ماند. سرانجام بعد از ۶ روز وقتی قطار به طور کامل توقف کرد درها را باز کردند. از واگن من ۲۰ یا ۲۵ نفر زنده ماندند.»پل سوبول میگوید در آن لحظات سخت، عکسی که دوست دخترش قبلا به او داده بود شعله امید به زندگی را در دلش زنده نگه داشته بود: «من عکس را ۸ بار تا زده بودم و در مشتم نگه داشته بودم. چرا که ما باید تماما لخت می‌شدیم، لباس‌های عادی‌مان را درمی‌آوردیم و بعد از سفر وارد ساختمانی می‌شدیم که ما را به اردوگاه کار اجباری [آشویتس] منتقل می‌کرد.»
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